Proteomics of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Race 1 and Race 4 Reveals Enzymes Involved in Carbohydrate Metabolism and Ion Transport That Might Play Important Roles in Banana Fusarium Wilt

<div><p>Banana Fusarium wilt is a soil–spread fungal disease caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. In China, the main virulence fungi in banana are <i>F. oxysporum</i> race 1 (F1, weak virulence) and race 4 (F4, strong virulence). To date, no proteomic analyses have compared the two races, but the difference in virulence between F1 and F4 might result from their differentially expressed proteins. Here we report the first comparative proteomics of F1 and F4 cultured under various conditions, and finally identify 99 protein species, which represent 59 unique proteins. These proteins are mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, post-translational modification, energy production, and inorganic ion transport. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that among the 46 proteins identified from F4 were several enzymes that might be important for virulence. Reverse transcription PCR analysis of the genes for 15 of the 56 proteins revealed that their transcriptional patterns were similar to their protein expression patterns. Taken together, these data suggest that proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and ion transport may be important in the pathogenesis of banana Fusarium wilt. Some enzymes such as catalase-peroxidase, galactosidase and chitinase might contribute to the strong virulence of F4. Overexpression or knockout of the genes for the F4-specific proteins will help us to further understand the molecular mechanism of <i>Fusarium</i>-induced banana wilt.</p>