Pp38 MAPK and NF-κB Pathways Activation by HMGB1.

<p><b>A–B</b>. Bar graphs show MAP kinase protein concentration in HMGB1-stimulated (1, 5, 10, 50 ng/mL) fetal membranes as the mean and standard error of relative intensity as determined by multiplex human MAPK protein panel analysis. <b>A.</b> Comparison of phosphorylated-p38 (Pp38) concentration among HMGB1-treated fetal membrane samples. <b>B.</b> Comparison of HSP27 concentration among HMGB1-treated fetal membrane samples. <b>C.</b> Dose dependent activation of Pp38MAPK after HMGB1 treatment where maximum activation was seen after 50 ng/ml HMGB1 treatment. <b>D–E.</b> Bar graphs show cytokine concentrations in HMGB1 (50 ng/ml) and HMGB1+SB 203580 (30 uM) p38MAPK inhibitor treated fetal membrane culture media. <b>D.</b> Comparison of IL-6 concentration among control, SB 203580 alone, HMGB1alone, and HMGB1+SB203580 cultures. <b>E.</b> Comparison of IL-8 concentration among control, SB 203580 alone, HMGB1alone, and HMGB1+SB203580 cultures. <b>F.</b> p38MAPK dependent NF-κB activation. HMGB1 (50 ng/ml) increased RelA phosphorylation. (ANOVA, *p<0.05).