Host-heterogeneity and heritability.

<p>(A) The panel shows a contour plot of heritability (, gray lines, red/yellow faces) as a function of the maximal virus load () and the expected similarity between binding repertoires (). On top of the heritability contour plot, the blue lines indicate the contours of . The heavy blue contour corresponds to the transmission-optimal . (B) Distributions of the overlap between pairs of binding repertoires. The black bars correspond to European HLA-haplotypes and a clade B virus (sampled in the Netherlands). The gray bars correspond to Sub-Saharan HLA-haplotypes and a clade C virus (sampled in South Africa). The distributions were simulated by sampling a HLA-haplotype pairs. (C) Statistics on the sampled distributions as in panel B. The left panel shows the medians of the similarity distributions for strains representative of clade B (black dots) and clade C (gray dots). The difference is significant (Mann-Withney -test, , *). The right panel depicts the -statistic for all clade B and clade C pairs. The mean of the -statistics is significantly larger than (-test , ***).