GC-MS traces showing loline-alkaloid profiles of meadow fescue symbiotic with different <i>E. festucae</i> strains.

<p>(A) The <i>lolN</i>-<i>lolM</i> knockout (KO), (B) an empty-vector control transformant (WT+vec), and (C and D) complementation strains (KO+<i>lolN</i>+<i>lolM</i>). The numbers after complementation strains represent different meadow fescue plants inoculated with independent transformants. (E) Proposed roles of LolN and LolM (this work), and reported role of LolP <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115590#pone.0115590-Spiering2" target="_blank">[14]</a>, in the biosynthetic pathway from <i>N</i>-acetylnorloline (NANL) to the final product, <i>N</i>-formylloline (NFL).