M3R deficient mice exhibit delayed clearance of a primary <i>N. brasiliensis</i> infection and impaired T cell-associated protective responses.

<p>(A) Adult worm numbers in the small intestine were elevated in M3R^−/− mice in comparison to WT BALB/c on day 7 and 9 p.i. (B) Hypercontractile responses of jejunum in response to varying doses of acetylcholine measured at day 9 p.i. were absent in M3R^−/− mice. (C) Production of IL-13 by CD4 T cells is impaired in M3R^−/− mice: IL-13 mRNA levels and proportion of IL-13⁺ CD4 T cells from the MLN at day 7 p.i. (D) Proportion of activated (CD44^hi CD62L^lo) CD4 T cells in MLN at day 7 p.i. (E) Ca²⁺ mobilisation in response to ionomycin in CD4 T cells in MLN at day 7 p.i. Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n = 4–6 and are representative of at least two independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated using the Mann-Whitney two-tailed t test and denoted by * p<0.05, ** p<0.01. White bar: WT BALB/c mice; black bar: M3R^−/− mice.