Effect of C29 on the composition of gut microbiota.

<p>Taxonomy compositions: (A) phylum and (B) family levels are shown. Genomic DNA was extracted from the fecal samples taken from young, aged or C29-treated aged F344 rats and analyzed for bacterial composition by pyrosequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA fragments (n = 5). (C) The <i>Firmicutes</i> to <i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio (n = 5). (D) Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot. The plot shows the clustering pattern among young, aged, or C29-treated aged F344 rats based on weighted pairwise Fast UniFrac analysis (n = 5). YR, young rats; AR, aged rats; ARC, aged rats treated with C29, ARC; ^#, <i>p</i> < 0.05 compared with YR; *, <i>p</i> < 0.05 compared with AR.