HMGB1-induced NF-κB activation in WI-38 cells.

<p>(A) After the cells were treated with 100 ng/mL of HMGB1 for different time periods, protein was extracted and phosphorylated, and total IκB was analyzed by western blotting. β-actin was used as an internal control. Phosphorylated (B) and total IκB (C) were quantified by Image J software. (D) Cells were treated with 100 ng/mL of HMGB1 for different time periods, and nuclear and cytosol proteins were isolated and p65 expression was analyzed. (E) Protein expression was quantified by Image J software. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. (n ≥ 3) *<i>p</i><0.05,**<i>p</i><0.01, ***<i>p</i><0.001 as compared with negative control (NC) group, in which the cells were treated with PBS.