Production of chemokines and cytokines by human macrophages upon infection with <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i>.

<p>Supernatants from uninfected and infected macrophages (MOI = 1) were collected at 2, 4, and 6 hpi and tested for the presence of IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP-1α <b>(A)</b> TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 <b>(B)</b> and IL-1β and IL-18 <b>(C)</b>. IL-8 and MCP-1 were detected in supernatants from uninfected macrophages. All cytokines and chemokines tested were upregulated upon PAO1-L infection, with most peaking at 4 hpi. Data presented are mean ± SD for n = 4 for all cytokines except IL-8 and IL-18 where n = 2. Significance calculated by repeated measures one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post test; * = p≤0.05, ** = p≤0.01, **** = p≤0.0001.