Model for the interaction and consequences of repression of XRN1 mediated by either the 5’ or 3’ UTRs of members of the <i>Flavivirdae</i>.

<p>The pacman structure indicates XRN1. When the exonuclease XRN1 begins degrading flavivirus RNAs in a 5’-3’ direction, it is stalled and repressed by structures in the either the 5’ or 3’ untranslated regions depending on the infecting virus. Repression of XRN1 activity results in an apparent shut down of the major 5’-3’ mRNA decay pathway in the infected cell, resulting in the significant stabilization and accumulation of many short lived cellular mRNAs. This dysregulation of cellular gene expression has a variety of potential implications to mechanisms of viral-induced cytopathology and pathogenesis.