Schematic summary of the study design showing the species, the numbers and the physiological status of the study animals.

<p>The study was carried out in three sites (Kabete, Kiboko and Ngong)—all government farms with similar farm management conditions. We used 404 animals in the study, including 85 cattle, 168 sheep, and 151 goats. Of these, 194 were vaccinated with RVF Clone 13 vaccine whereas 210 were injected with placebo. The study animals were divided into 3 groups; Group A included non-pregnant animals, Group B included animal in 1^st half of the pregnancy, and Group C animals in 2^nd half of pregnancy.