DHA inhibits cell viability and colony formation and induces apoptosis in NSCLC cells.

<p>(A) DHA-induced concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability in A549 and PC-9 cells. Cells were incubated with indicated concentrations of DHA for 24 h and 48 h. Cell growth inhibition activity of DHA was assessed by MTT. (B) Influence of A549 and PC-9 cells on the number of colony-forming cells, as evaluated by clonogenic assay. Cells were incubated with indicated concentrations of DHA for 48 h, and then media were replaced with fresh growth media and cultured for additional 15 days. The clonogenic assay was done as described in Materials and Methods. (C) Influence of DHA on apoptosis in A549 and PC-9 cells. Cells were treated with indicated concentrations of DHA for 24 h and 48 h. Cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay. Columns, mean of three determinations; bars, SD. *, <i>P</i> < 0.05; **, <i>P</i> < 0.01; ***, <i>P</i> < 0.001, control versus DHA-treated cells.