Combined RTK treatment can overcome growth-factor-driven rescue.

<p>Cell viability assays demonstrating additional effects of combination treatment in pediatric low grade astrocytoma (Res-259) and ependymoma (Res-196) compared with single treatment (mean ± SD, 48h). Immunoblots showing effect of single RTK inhibition (8 uM), the rescue effect of growth factors (100 ng/ml) and the ability of the second inhibitor (canertinib 4 uM, crizotinib 3 uM, sorafenib 2 uM) to overcome this growth-factor-driven rescue on Akt and Erk phosphorylation (p) in pediatric low grade astrocytoma and ependymoma cells (2h). Protein expression was normalized to β-actin as loading control and derived from three independent experiments of which the mean (± SEM) was calculated. The ability of crizotinib to overcome HGF-driven rescue during canertinib treatment reached statistical significance on Akt and Erk phosphorylation (p = 0.028 and p = 0.046 respectively).