All-cause and lung cancer mortality hazard ratios according to COPD status at cohort entry stratified by race and sex.

<p>HR = Hazard Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval; Models are adjusted for coverage time on Medicare or Medicaid, race, income, education, smoking, BMI, CESD-10 score, and comorbidity count. A total of 862 individuals were missing covariates resulting in 26,065 individuals.</p><p>All-cause and lung cancer mortality hazard ratios according to COPD status at cohort entry stratified by race and sex.