Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) induced NF-κB-p65 phosphorylation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression.

<p>MS1 cells were treated with AGEs (A, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL) for 24 h. Bovine serum albumin (BSA, B, 200 μg/mL) was as a negative control. Total cell lysates were then subjected to Western blot analysis using the indicated antibodies (A). β-actin was used as an internal standard. Densitometric analysis for protein expression was shown (B). Data are presented as means ± SEM from three independent experiments. *<i>P</i> < 0.05 vs BSA.