Delayed initiation of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and meiotic maturation in the oocytes treated with forskolin (FSK) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX).

<p><i>A)</i> The GVBD rate at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h in IVM culture. Delayed GVBD was observed in the FSK and IBMX groups. <i>B)</i> The maturation rate at 22, 26, and 30 h after the initiation of IVM culture. Although delay in oocyte maturation occurred in the FSK and IBMX groups, the maturation rates at 30 h were comparable to those in the control groups. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Bars labeled with different letters show significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05).