Formation of Al3Ni nanofibers in an Al-based metal matrix composite fabricated by reaction sintering

We developed an Al2O, and Al3Ni intermetallic reinforced Al-based metal matrix composite by sintering an Al-20 wt% NiO powder compact at 1000 degreesC. Differential thermal analysis showed that a two-step reaction took place between Al and NiO in the temperature range 600-650 degreesC. The initial stage was a solid-state reaction, but it was soon paused by the newly formed Al2O3 and Al3Ni phases that separated the Al and NiO grains. A liquid-solid reaction was later resumed as the temperature was increased above the cutectic temperature of Al-Al3Ni at 640 degreesC when molten Al-Ni appeared. When the molten sample was quenched to room temperature, a two-phase Al-Al3Ni eutectic was found in the sample. In comparison with the air-quenched and the oil-quenched samples, the sizes of proeutectic Al3Ni grains and Al-Al3Ni eutectic phases in the salt-solution-quenched sample were much finer. The eutectic contained Al3Ni nanofibers with a diameter of approximately 50 nm. A reaction model of Al and NiO was proposed. A thermodynamic model was also proposed to describe the formation of the composite