<p>(a) <i>Acta2</i> mRNA, (b) <i>Col1a1</i> mRNA, (c) <i>Col3a1</i> mRNA. <i>Acta2</i>, <i>Col1a1</i> and <i>Col3a1</i> mRNA expression was significantly higher in PBOO rats at weeks 4 and 8 compared with Sham rats (<i>P</i><0.05, n = 8). STS treatment led to decreased <i>Acta2</i>, <i>Col1a1</i>, <i>Col3a1</i> mRNA expression (<i>P</i><0.05, n = 8). Each bar represents the mean±SD for eight rats. *<i>P</i><0.05 <i>vs</i>. sham group (n = 8); <sup>#</sup><i>P</i><0.05 <i>vs</i>. PBOO group.</p
<p>(<b>A</b>) representative RT-PCR images for Wnt1, LRP5, β-catenin, RANKL, RANK and β-actin expres...
<p>Col3a1 mRNA (A) and Collagen III protein (B) expression was increased under Ang II infusion. Eigh...
<p>(A) Renal cortical expression of α-SMA and collagen IV mRNA determined by real-time PCR. (B) West...
<p>a-SMA, collagen I and collagen III expression was significantly higher in PBOO rats at weeks 4 an...
<p>(A) Representative collagen III immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b...
<p>(A) Representative collagen I-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b) ...
<p>(A) Representative a-SMA-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b) week ...
<p>Compared to the Sham group, TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2/3 expression but not total Smad2/3 ex...
<p>(A) Representative phosphorylated Smad3-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 w...
<p>(A) Representative Phosphorylated Smad2-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 w...
<p>(A) Representative TGF-β1-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b) week...
<p>LEW1.WR1 rats were treated with KRV plus formate (A), Propionate (B), or Butyrate (C) using Proto...
<p>(A) LX-2 cells and the isolated primary rat HSCs were treated with increasing concentrations of N...
<p>NR3A mRNA levels analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR; values expressed as means ± SEM of 5 rat...
<p>SMO, APAO, ODC and SSAT transcript accumulation of 3 months old mice were analyzed after 1 and 3 ...
<p>(<b>A</b>) representative RT-PCR images for Wnt1, LRP5, β-catenin, RANKL, RANK and β-actin expres...
<p>Col3a1 mRNA (A) and Collagen III protein (B) expression was increased under Ang II infusion. Eigh...
<p>(A) Renal cortical expression of α-SMA and collagen IV mRNA determined by real-time PCR. (B) West...
<p>a-SMA, collagen I and collagen III expression was significantly higher in PBOO rats at weeks 4 an...
<p>(A) Representative collagen III immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b...
<p>(A) Representative collagen I-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b) ...
<p>(A) Representative a-SMA-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b) week ...
<p>Compared to the Sham group, TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2/3 expression but not total Smad2/3 ex...
<p>(A) Representative phosphorylated Smad3-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 w...
<p>(A) Representative Phosphorylated Smad2-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 w...
<p>(A) Representative TGF-β1-immunostained rat bladder sections. (a) Sham group at 4 weeks, (b) week...
<p>LEW1.WR1 rats were treated with KRV plus formate (A), Propionate (B), or Butyrate (C) using Proto...
<p>(A) LX-2 cells and the isolated primary rat HSCs were treated with increasing concentrations of N...
<p>NR3A mRNA levels analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR; values expressed as means ± SEM of 5 rat...
<p>SMO, APAO, ODC and SSAT transcript accumulation of 3 months old mice were analyzed after 1 and 3 ...
<p>(<b>A</b>) representative RT-PCR images for Wnt1, LRP5, β-catenin, RANKL, RANK and β-actin expres...
<p>Col3a1 mRNA (A) and Collagen III protein (B) expression was increased under Ang II infusion. Eigh...
<p>(A) Renal cortical expression of α-SMA and collagen IV mRNA determined by real-time PCR. (B) West...