The number of indivudal units (left) or combinations (right) of food items that could satisfy total energy deficits (numbers on arrows in center) of starving male polar bears onshore for 180 days.

<p>The levels of energy deficits vary from the lowest (95%) to the highest (5%) and are presented for scenarios in which the bears have been resting (a) or walking (b) on land prior to starving. A 2 km d^-1 energy cost associated with movement is depreciated from daily food value calculations. If costs to procure food items exceed this movement cost, numbers of individual food requirements may be underestimated.