Klauer’s Inductive Reasoning Training as a Cognitive Apprenticeship Approach for Special-Needs Students

<p>Abstract: The inductive reasoning trainings by K. J. Klauer are characterized as a German cognitive apprenticeship approach for all age groups. The effects of program I were compared across two field studies with special-needs students. The paper pencil-based training version (N1 = 34 students; M = 8;9 years) resulted in no improvement of the students’ cognitive (CFT 1: dmean = -0.17; βmeanTrain→Int = -.08) and verbal abilities (HSET: dmean = -0.02, βmeanTrain→Verb = .04). However, the PC version (N2 = 27; M = 7;8 years) resulted in a small positive effect on intelligence (CFT 1: dmean = 0.28; βmeanTrain→Int = .13) and verbal performance (HSET: dmean = 0.25, βmeanTrain→Verb = .12). Compared to childhood cognitive development, even the small training effects observed in Study 2 are practically meaningful because they correspond to more than half a year of schooling and maturation. Integrating cognitive trainings in preschool to lifelong learning programs is recommended.</p> <p>