Effects of luteolin, apigenin and chrysin on 4-HNE-mediated cell death, caspase-3 activation and PARP-1 proteolysis in PC12 cells.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Structures of 4-HNE, luteolin, apigenin and chrysin (<b>B</b>) Effects of luteolin, apigenin and chrysin on 4-HNE-mediated cytotoxicity. PC12 cells were treated with luteolin, apigenin and chrysin (10 and 20 μM) 30 min prior to 4-HNE (25 and 50 μM) treatment for 16 h at 37x. Cell viability was measured by MTT as described in Materials and Methods. (<b>C</b>) Western blot analysis of active caspase-3 and PARP-1 activation. Cell lysates prepared from those treated with 4-HNE and indicated reagent for 6 h were subjected to SDS-PAGE and then were immunoblotted with antibodies that recognize cleaved caspase-3, PARP-1 and α-tubulin. The blots are representative from one of three independent experiments. Data obtained from immunoblots were then analyzed using Phoretix Gel Analysis Software as described under Materials and methods. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. **, <i>p</i><0.01 represents significant differences compared with vehicle control (without 4-HNE). #, <i>p</i><0.05; ##, <i>p</i><0.01 represent significant differences compared with 4-HNE-treated vehicle group.