<p>Cells were incubated with five different flavonoid concentrations or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; control) for 48 h. Data represent the means of triplicate experiments ± standard deviation (SD) * <i>p</i> < 0.01.</p
<p>(<b>A–B</b>) HUVEC were treated with DMSO or individual flavonolignan and analyzed for total cell...
<p>Columns represent means and error bars represent standard deviations of at least three independen...
<p>A and B: Detection of the activated and unphosphorylated forms of ERK, c-JUN, S6, AKT by immunobl...
<p>(a) Negative control; (b) cells treated with 100 μg/mL flavone-6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (FL6C-GP);...
<p>Cells were treated with luteolin-3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (LU3′O-GP) or flavone-6-C-β-d-glucopyra...
<p>Cells were exposed to the indicated concentrations of luteolin-3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (LU3′O-GP...
<p><sup>a</sup>Test samples were dissolved in DMSO and then added to cell culture. Final concentrati...
<p>L-6 cells were grown for four days in the presence of 10 µM of either baicalein (▾), 5,6-dihydrox...
<p>C+ = positive control (17-β-estradiol), C− = negative control (steroid-free experimental medium),...
<p>BJ fibroblasts were either left untreated, <b>C</b> control, or treated with <b>D,</b> DMSO or 5,...
(a, c, e) Proliferation of hFOBs at day 7 determined by PicoGreen assay. (a) Cells were challenged w...
<p>DES and genistein treatment effect on the basal proliferation and proliferation in the presence o...
<p>Subconfluent VSMCs were stimulated for 48(20 ng/mL, every 24 h) or TGFβ (1 ng/mL), alone or in co...
<p>Effects of the four hydroxyflavones on the survival of L-6 cells, as determined by the MTT assay....
<p>MDA cell (2.5×10<sup>4</sup>/mL) were incubated for 6 h to allow sufficient attachment. For the l...
<p>(<b>A–B</b>) HUVEC were treated with DMSO or individual flavonolignan and analyzed for total cell...
<p>Columns represent means and error bars represent standard deviations of at least three independen...
<p>A and B: Detection of the activated and unphosphorylated forms of ERK, c-JUN, S6, AKT by immunobl...
<p>(a) Negative control; (b) cells treated with 100 μg/mL flavone-6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (FL6C-GP);...
<p>Cells were treated with luteolin-3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (LU3′O-GP) or flavone-6-C-β-d-glucopyra...
<p>Cells were exposed to the indicated concentrations of luteolin-3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (LU3′O-GP...
<p><sup>a</sup>Test samples were dissolved in DMSO and then added to cell culture. Final concentrati...
<p>L-6 cells were grown for four days in the presence of 10 µM of either baicalein (▾), 5,6-dihydrox...
<p>C+ = positive control (17-β-estradiol), C− = negative control (steroid-free experimental medium),...
<p>BJ fibroblasts were either left untreated, <b>C</b> control, or treated with <b>D,</b> DMSO or 5,...
(a, c, e) Proliferation of hFOBs at day 7 determined by PicoGreen assay. (a) Cells were challenged w...
<p>DES and genistein treatment effect on the basal proliferation and proliferation in the presence o...
<p>Subconfluent VSMCs were stimulated for 48(20 ng/mL, every 24 h) or TGFβ (1 ng/mL), alone or in co...
<p>Effects of the four hydroxyflavones on the survival of L-6 cells, as determined by the MTT assay....
<p>MDA cell (2.5×10<sup>4</sup>/mL) were incubated for 6 h to allow sufficient attachment. For the l...
<p>(<b>A–B</b>) HUVEC were treated with DMSO or individual flavonolignan and analyzed for total cell...
<p>Columns represent means and error bars represent standard deviations of at least three independen...
<p>A and B: Detection of the activated and unphosphorylated forms of ERK, c-JUN, S6, AKT by immunobl...
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