APL-1 overexpression, while able to rescue partial loss of PPK-3 function, failed to rescue the ppk-3(mc46) null allele.

<p>(A) Expression of APL-1::GFP failed to rescue lethality of ppk-3 null animals and failed to rescue vacuolation in apl-1::GFP; ppk-3(mc46) animals. Bar, 50μm. (B) Quantification of the relative vacuolated area in ppk-3(mc46) and apl-1::GFP; ppk-3(mc46) animals showed that APL-1 overexpression failed to rescue complete loss of PPK-3 function (n≥38, p = 0.73 (two-tailed t-test), suggesting that APL-1 functions upstream of PPK-3.