Effect of EDCs alone and in combination on phagocytosis by differentiated THP-1 cells.

<p>Differentiated THP-1 cells (PMA 5 ng/ml for 48 hours) were exposed to different concentrations (0.001, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM) of BPA, DEHP, DBP, 4-OP or a combination of both for 24 hours. Culture medium was replaced by fresh medium containing 10 ng/ml of LPS for a subsequent 24 hours of incubation. Panels A and B depict confocal laser microscopy analysis of phagocytosis of FITC-latex beads by untreated differentiated THP-1 cells (A) or by differentiated THP-1 cells exposed to BPA (B). Arrows show examples of phagocytized FITC-beads. Panel C represents the effects of BPA, DEHP, DBP, 4-OP and a combination of both (BPA + DEHP, BPA + DBP, 4-OP + DEHP) on phagocytosis of latex beads by differentiated THP-1 cells. Values are means ± SD (N = 3). Each experiment has been performed three times and in triplicate. a: <i>vs</i> control (One-way ANOVA, Tukey post test, p<0.05).