Animals receiving the combined ibuprofen-Pep19-2.5 treatment have low serum levels of both TNFα and PGE 2h after LPS administration.

<p>Plasma TNFα (pg/ml) (A) and PGE Metabolites (pg/ml) (B) levels in groups of mice (at least n = 6) intraperitoneally inoculated with LPS from <i>S</i>. <i>enterica</i> Serovar Minnesota R60 (400 μg/mouse). Groups received the same treatments as detailed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0133291#pone.0133291.g002" target="_blank">Fig 2</a>. Negative control group (n = 3) received neither LPS nor treatment. Statistical differences were analysed using ANOVA followed by DMS (parametrical, A) and Thamhane (no parametrical, B as there was heterogeneity of variances) post hoc tests (*, <i>P <</i> 0.05; **, <i>P <</i> 0.01; *** p<0.001). Very significant statistical differences (p<0.01 for PGE2 or p<0.001 for TNFα) were found between the negative control group (labelled with the symbol #) and the rest of the groups.