S1P₁ mediates hBMVEC survival after exposure to cytokines.

<p><b>a</b>. The selective S1P₁ agonist, AUY-954 (AUY, 50 nM) added together with TNFα (10 U/ml) and IFNγ (5 U/ml) (T&I), is able to counteract hBMVEC death induced by cytokines. The presence of S1P₁ selective antagonist NIBR-0213 (NIBR, 1 μM) prevents this effect entirely. <b>b. and c</b>. The principal involvement of S1P₁ in the protective role of S1P (50 nM) and pFTY (50 nM) is further confirmed by the lack of their effects when used in combination with the antagonist NIBR (1 μM). <b>d</b>. The specificity of S1P₁ antagonism is confirmed by the lack of any effect when NIBR is used in absence of any S1P receptor agonist. Data are the mean ±S.E.M. of four independent experiments, each run in triplicate, in which three to five fields per well were counted. ** p<0.01 vs T&I, # p< 0.05 vs respective treatment in the absence of antagonist.