Virus titer changes from NE or EP treatment on A549 cells, SK-N-SH and hPBMCs.

<p>(A) A549 cells were infected with EV71 (MOI = 5) for 24 hrs and then treated with NE for 12 hrs. (B) SK-N-SH cells were infected with EV71 (MOI = 1) for 18 hrs and then treated with NE for 6 hours. (C, D) hPBMCs were infected with EV71 (MOI = 10) for 24 hrs and then treated with NE and EP for 24 hrs. The virus titers were significantly higher in (A) EV71-infected A549 cells and (B) SK-N-SH with various concentrations of NE than in EV71-infected cells without NE treatment. Both (C) NE and (D) EP elevated virus titers in EV71-infected hPBMCs at concentrations of 10² and 10⁶ pg/mL, respectively. The data are shown as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. White bar: virus only; black bar: virus plus NE or EP. *, <i>P</i> < 0.05; and **, <i>P</i> < 0.01 compared to virus only group and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey test.