Binary Nickel–Cobalt Oxides Electrode Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors: Influence of its Composition and Porous Nature

Nickel–cobalt oxides were prepared by coprecipitation of their hydroxides precursors and a following thermal treatment under a moderate temperature. The preformed nickel-cobalt bimetallic hydroxide exhibited a flower-like morphology with single crystalline nature and composed of many interconnected nanosheets. The ratio of Ni to Co in the oxides could easily be controlled by adjusting the composition of the original reactants for the preparation of hydroxide precursors. It was found that both the molecular ratio of Ni to Co and the annealing temperature had significant effects on their porous structure and electrochemical properties. The effect of the Ni/Co ratio on the pseudocapacitive properties of the binary oxide was investigated in this work. The binary metal oxide with the exact molar ratio of Ni:Co = 0.8:1 annealed at 300 °C, showing an optimum specific capacitance of 750 F/g. However, too high an annealing temperature would lead to a large crystal size, a low specific surface area, as well as a much lower pore volume. With the use of the binary metal oxide with Ni:Co = 0.8:1 and activated carbon as the positive and negative electrode, respectively, the assembled hybrid capacitor could exhibit a high-energy density of 34.9 Wh/kg at the power density of 875 W/kg and long cycling life (86.4% retention of the initial value after 10000 cycles)