Morphological defects of <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- spermatozoa.

<p>(A) Phase Contrast images of spermatozoa collected from the testis, caput and cauda epididymidis of adult WT and <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- mice. <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- spermatozoa showed a thinning of annulus (white arrows) and a bent head wrapped around the neck (red arrows). Scale bar: 20μm. The ratios of defects are summarized in the histograms below (mice: n≥ 3 animals per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. (B) TEM images of spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymidis of adult WT and <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- mice. MP: Middle Piece; PP: Principal Piece. The annulus structure (black arrows) closely linked the MP and PP in WT spermatozoa, but was distant from the MP as the thinning of the annulus region in <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- spermatozoa. Microtubules (green arrows) were dispersed out of the PP in <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- spermatozoa. Two <i>Ccnyl1-/-</i> spermatozoa with bent heads wrapped by cytoplasmic contents are shown (blue arrows). Scale bar for the top and middle panels: 0.5 μm, scale bar for the bottom panels: 1 μm. (C and D) Immuno-labeling of α-tubulin (C) and F-actin (D) of spermatozoa collected from cauda epididymidis of adult WT and <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- mice. Microtubules (yellow arrows) and F-actin (pink arrows) were extruded from of this region in spermatozoa of <i>Ccnyl1</i>-/- mice, scale bar: 5 μm.