Differential effects of aliskiren and hydralazine on protein and mRNA expressions in index thigh muscles in diabetic mice with hindlimb ischemia.

<p>Western blots of HIF-1, VEGF, SDF-1α, and actin (n = 6; A). The individual expression of HIF-1, VEGF and SDF-1α was increased in aliskiren (5 or 25 mg/kg/day) treated group (n = 6; B, C, D). (P)RR expressions were also enhanced in aliskiren-treated groups (n = 6; E). However, the expression of p-eNOS was not changed by aliskiren (n = 6; F). Quantitative RT-PCR for the effects of aliskiren on mRNA expressions in thigh muscles in diabetic mice with hindlimb ischemia (n = 6; G). N represents thigh muscles from n different individuals, and thigh muscles from each individual were experimented for 3 independent experiments. C represents untreated diabetic mice (vehicle (PBS)-treated mice); AL represents aliskiren in low dose (5 mg/kg/day); AH represents aliskiren in high dose (25 mg/kg/day); HL represents hydralazine in low dose (2 mg/kg/day); HH represents hydralazine in high dose (10 mg/kg/day). Statistical analysis was done by unpaired Student’s t test or analysis of variance, followed by Scheffe’s multiple-comparison <i>post hoc</i> test. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. *<i>p</i> < 0.05, **<i>p</i> < 0.01 compared with untreated diabetic mice (vehicle (PBS)-treated mice).