<i>IL-1R1</i> deficiency attenuates MHV-3-induced hepatitis.

<p><i>IL-1R1</i>^<i>-/-</i> mice and their C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) littermates were infected with MHV-3 (100 PFU), <b>(A)</b> The survival rate was monitored for a total of 20 days. One representative of three experiments with similar results is shown. *<i>p</i><0.05. <b>(B)</b> The liver architecture was analyzed by H&E staining (left), and serum ALT/AST levels were determined with an AU5400 automatic biochemistry analyzer (right). Scale bar 20 μm, n = 5 <i>per</i> group, *<i>p</i><0.05 and **<i>p</i><0.001, NS: no significant difference. <b>(C)</b> The expression of Bgp1 in MHV-3-infected livers was compared by western-blotting. Three representative samples <i>per</i> group are shown. <b>(D)</b> The virus titers in livers at 72h post-infection were analyzed by plaque assay (up), and results were compared by statistical analysis (down). *<i>p</i><0.05. (<b>E</b>) Peritoneal exudative macrophages (PEMs) were isolated from virus infected mice at 24h and the virions were detected by electron microscopy. Arrows indicate spherical virions. <b>(F)</b> The expression of Bgp1 in PEMs and RAW264.7 cells that treated with IL-1β (20 ng/ml) at the indicated time points was detected by western-blotting (up panel). RAW264.7 cells were treated with IL-1β (20 ng/ml) and PBS for a total 48h firstly, cells were further infected with MHV-3 and virus titers were detected by plaque assay at the indicated time points (down panel). *<i>p</i><0.05 compared to PBS-treated counterparts.