Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) phosphorylates p53 and induces p21WAF1/CIP1 expression

LRRK2 kinase inhibitor decreased p21 expression. Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 1 μM LRRK2-IN-1 for 2 h (A-D) or 0.5 μM GSK2578215A (Tocris Biosciences, Bristol, United Kingdom) for 12 h (E). The p53 immunoprecipitates of the cell lysates were used to detect p-TXR level (A). The LRRK2-IN-1 treated cells were also used to determine relative amount of nuclear p53 (B) as in Fig. 3a. The cell lysates were used to detect p21 mRNA (C) and protein (D) levels as in Figs. 4 and 5. p21 expression level of GSK2578215A treated cells were also tested (E). Activities of LRRK2 kinase inhibitor treatments were confirmed by reduced level of LRRK2 p935 (pS935). – indicates vehicle treatment. Lamin B and LDH were used for nuclear and cytosolic markers, respectively. All experiments were repeated three times, and a representative result is shown with a bar graph. *: p <0.05; **: p