Principal coordinates ordination (PCoA) biplots of beta diversity and its components.

<p>(a) PCoA of the square-rooted dissimilarity matrix among all observations. Dissimilarity was measured using the percentage-difference (alias Bray-Curtis) index on square-rooted fish biomass data. (b) PCoA of the dissimilarity matrix accounting only for biomass replacement between pairs of observations (<i>β</i>_replacement). (c) PCoA on the dissimilarity matrix accounting only for biomass differences between pairs of observations (<i>β</i>_{biomasdifference}). Groups identified in ordinations (a) and (b) are the four groups identified using MRT. In ordination (c), observations are ordered along a total square-rooted biomass gradient (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0138696#pone.0138696.s005" target="_blank">S3 Fig</a> for details).