Harvesting canthinones: identification of the optimal seasonal point of harvest of <i>Zanthoxylum chiloperone</i> leaves as a source of 5-methoxycanthin-6-one

<p>This article is focused on the seasonal variation in the contents of 5-methoxycanthin-6-one from the leaves of <i>Zanthoxylum chiloperone</i> (Rutaceae). Based on the pharmacological interest presented by 5-methoxycanthin-6-one, its seasonal variation in <i>Z. chiloperone</i> leaves was analysed in order to determine the best time for harvesting, optimising the 5-methoxycanthin-6-one content. The seasonal dynamics of canthinone alkaloids can be the key to improve the isolation from natural sustainable sources, such as leaves. Complementarily, this study describes the phytochemistry of leaf from this Ruraceae species.