Schematic map of the location of the four levels of woody encroachment (panel A: Low woody encroachment site (LE), moderate woody encroachment site (ME), severe woody encroachment site (SE), highest woody encroachment site (HE), transects and plots in the open and enclosure grazing regimes (B) and their replications (R1, R2 and R3) and soil sampling location at each sub plots(C).

<p>Schematic map of the location of the four levels of woody encroachment (panel A: Low woody encroachment site (LE), moderate woody encroachment site (ME), severe woody encroachment site (SE), highest woody encroachment site (HE), transects and plots in the open and enclosure grazing regimes (B) and their replications (R1, R2 and R3) and soil sampling location at each sub plots(C).