Control of absence seizures by the direct GABAergic pallido-cortical pathway.

<p>A: Bifurcation diagrams of <i>ϕ</i>_<i>e</i> as a function of the inhibitory coupling strength of the GABAergic pallidocortical pathway −<i>v</i>_<i>cp</i>₂ (A₁) and the external stimulation <i>V</i>_stim to GPe neurons (A₂). It can be seen that both increasing the values of −<i>v</i>_<i>cp</i>₂ and <i>V</i>_stim push the model dynamics from the SWD oscillation region (II) into the low firing region (IV). B: The dominant frequency of neural oscillations as a function of −<i>v</i>_<i>cp</i>₂ (B₁) and <i>V</i>_stim (B₂). C: The mean firing rates (MFRs) of several key neural populations as a function of −<i>v</i>_<i>cp</i>₂ (C₁) and V_stim (C₂). Here four neural populations are considered: GPe (“▵”), excitatory pyramidal neurons (“*”), SRN (“∘”) and TRN (“◻”). Note that the gray regions in (A)–(C) denote the SWD oscillations falling into the typical 2–4 Hz.