Supported Palladium Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Aryl Halides, Alkenylsilanes, and Organoboronic Acids Employing Oxalic Acid as the C₁ Source

Polystyrene-supported palladium­(0) (Pd@PS) nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst have been developed for caboxylation of aryl halides, alkenylsilanes, and organoboronic acids to produce the corresponding carboxylic acids with minor quantities of corresponding aldehydes using bench-stable and inexpensive oxalic acid as the C₁ source under focused microwave irradiation. The close vicinity of oxalic acid to Pd@PS maintained through ionic bonding helped to produce CO₂ over the catalytic surface that concurrently participated in the carboxylation reaction