IFNγ-treated macrophages are resistant to EBOV infection.

<p>(A) IFNγ/TNFα treatment inhibits EBOV infection of BALB/c peritoneal macrophages. Cultures maintained in media containing GM-CSF or M-CSF were treated with murine IFNγ/TNFα 24 hours prior to EBOV-GFP infection (MOI = 0.05 in Vero E6 cells). Shown are the percent GFP positive cells at 24 hours following infection. (B) IFNγ inhibits EBOV in a dose-dependent manner. BALB/c peritoneal macrophages were infected with EBOV-GFP (MOI = 0.05) 24 hours following IFNγ treatment. (C) IFNγ, but not TNFα, treatment of M-CSF differentiated hMDM cultures inhibits EBOV GP/rVSV infection. Virus titers were determined by end-point dilution on hMDMs from 4 independent donors. (D) Dose response curve of IFNγ inhibition of EBOV GP/rVSV infection of M-CSF-treated hMDMs. (E) IFNγ inhibits EBOV GP/rVSV infection in M-CSF cultured human alveolar macrophages. Left, bright field/UV (magnification: 10X). Right, confocal images (magnification: 100X). All infections were assessed 24 hours following addition of virus. Data are shown as means ± s.e.m. Significance was determined by Student’s t-test compared to no IFNγ control, **<i>p</i> < 0.01, ***<i>p</i> < 0.001.