Comparison of the susceptibility of <i>h</i>-index (left) and <i>μ</i> (right) to manipulation.

<p><b>Bottom panel</b>: For each researcher in the database, we add publications with self-citations until we reach the desired value of index (see main text for details). The dashed black, dotted-dashed black and dotted white lines indicate the number of publications required to increase the index value by 10%, 50% and 100%, respectively. The solid diagonal black line indicates when the current value of <math><mi>μ</mi><mo>^</mo></math> is equal to the manipulated <math><mi>μ</mi><mo>^</mo></math>. The dark blue vertical line represents the average value of the indicator amongst all researchers in our database. <b>Top panel</b>: Distributions of current <i>h</i>-index (left) and <math><mi>μ</mi><mo>^</mo></math> (right) for all researchers in the database.