A summary of the three Cry2Ab resistance alleles (Ha2Ab-R01, R02, R03) in the ABCA2 gene in <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>, and one <i>H</i>. <i>punctigera</i> Cry2Ab resistance allele (Hp2Ab-R04).

<p>The ABCA2 gene consists of 31 exons (<a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005534#pgen.1005534.g004" target="_blank">Fig 4a</a>), with mutations at exons 16, 18, 24 and 27 indicated by red (for <i>H</i>. <i>armigera</i>) and blue (for <i>H</i>. <i>punctigera</i>) boxes. <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005534#pgen.1005534.g004" target="_blank">Fig 4b</a>: The Ha2Ab-R01 allele was the result of a 73 base pair (bp) deletion at the c-terminus of exon 16, and the insertion of a 8bp ‘CGGTTAAG’ sequence, and resulted in a glycine (G) replacing the leucine (L) amino acid followed by a premature stop codon (*) (in red). The Ha2Ab-R02 allele was the result of a 5bp ‘ACAAG’ deletion at the start of exon 18 that resulted in a premature stop codon. The Ha2Ab-R03 allele was the result of a 5bp ‘GAATA’ target site duplication signature reminiscent of past insertions by transposable elements. This duplication mutation also resulted in a premature stop codon in exon 24. The <i>H</i>. <i>punctigera</i> Hp2Ab-R04 allele was the result of a 14bp deletion, and resulted in missense mutations.