Biogeographic analysis for the diversification of Neobatrachia.

<p>Chronogram for Neobatrachia showing the biogeographic inference conducted using Lagrange. Squares on the side of tips represent the current distribution of taxa select for this study and the color is associated to the mundi map (a). Single area squares indicate an ancestor restricted to a single geographic area; combined squares indicate an ancestor with a distribution encompassing two or more areas; two squares separated by a space indicate the ancestral ranges inherited by each of the daughter lineages arising from the node. Only change of ancestral area or nodes of interest have squares and the absent means the same ancestral area of previous node. The result informed refers to more likelihood inference. Asterisk (*) represents the second bigger likelihood value. Black arrows show events and sequence of expansion of ancestral range along the branch. Late Cretaceous map (b) represents dispersal of ancestral Heleophrynidae from South America to South Africa and connection between Australia and South America by the ancestral Australobatrachia via Antarctic. Eocene map (c) represents connection between Australia and South America by the ancestral Hylidae via Antarctic.