Fragmentation model.

<p>Conceptual model used to characterize multi-scale forest fragmentation. <i>P</i>_<i>f</i> and <i>P</i>_<i>ff</i> refer to the amount and the structural connectivity of forest, respectively. Regions of the parameter space corresponding to the “interior”, “perforated”, “edge” and “patch” components are marked. Four simple examples of binary landscapes (a–d) are presented and located on the <i>P</i>_<i>f</i> and <i>P</i>_<i>ff</i> space for different combinations of amount and structural connectivity: (a) undisturbed interior forest landscape, (b) moderately disturbed forests perforated by unforested gaps (i.e., perforated forests), (c) moderately disturbed forests but with clumped disturbed areas (i.e., edge forest), (d) highly fragmented forest (i.e., patch forests). Green: forests; white: non forests.