Antibacterial Plasma Polymer Films Conjugated with Phospholipid Encapsulated Silver Nanoparticles

Medical device associated infections are a persistent medical problem which has not found a comprehensive solution yet. Over the last decades, there have been intense research efforts toward developing antibacterial coatings that could potentially improve medical outcomes. Silver nanoparticles have attracted a great deal of attention as a potent alternative to conventional antibiotics. Herein, we present a biologically inspired approach to synthesize phospholipid encapsulated silver nanoparticles and their surface immobilization to a functional plasma polymer interlayer to generate antibacterial coatings. The antibacterial efficacy of the coatings was evaluated against three medically relevant pathogens including the Gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, and the Gram-negative <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. The innate immune response to the coatings was assessed <i>in vitro</i> using primary bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM). Any potential cytotoxicity was studied with primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Overall, the coatings had excellent inhibition of bacterial growth. We also observed reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines from BMDM which suggests a reduced inflammatory response. The combined properties of coatings developed in this study may make them a good candidate for application on medical devices such as catheters and wound dressings