Schematic representation of EP2’s mechanism in promoting PAP248-286 amyloid fibril formation and enhancing HIV-1 infection.

<p>(A) PAP248-286 amyloid fibrils enhanced HIV-1 infection. Under agitation at 37°C, PAP248-286 slowly (~ 24 h) formed amyloid fibrils, which enhanced HIV-1 infection. (B) EP2 promoted the formation of PAP248-286 amyloid fibrils. Without agitation, EP2 rapidly (~ 1 min) self-assembled into nanofibers. These nanofibers accelerated (~ 4 h) the formation of amyloid fibrils, which enhanced HIV-1 infection.