Additional file 9: Figure S8. of Heparan sulfate proteoglycans mediate Aβ-induced oxidative stress and hypercontractility in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

Human VSMC cells also show Aβ1-40 induces HSPG-mediated Ca2+ influx. Primary human VSMC were loaded with fura II (10 μM) and treated with varying concentrations of Aβ1-40. In some experiments, cells were pre-treated with active heparinase I (HpnI; 5 Sigma U/mL), washed, loaded with fura II, and treated with Aβ1−40. Fluorescence was measured over ~10 minutes. Results are representative of 3 independent experiments performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05 vs. vehicle-treated control. (JPEG 44 kb