Genotoxic effect of anesthetic Sevoflurane and ionizing radiation in Swiss albino mice

Unatoč brojnim prednostima raznih medicinskih aplikacija (npr. radioterapiji), zračenje može biti štetno i poznato je kao karcinogen za žive organizme. Glavna biomolekula od interesa je DNA. Sevofluran je nezapaljivi, inhalacijski anestetik koji osigurava brzu i učinkovitu hipnozu s niskom akumulacijom u tkivu i minimalnom iritacijom respiratornog trakta. Međutim, metabolizam sevoflurana može imati važan utjecaj na njegovu toksičnost. U ovom istraživanju se proučavalo kombinirano djelovanje ionizirajućeg zračenja (2 Gy) i sevoflurana (2,4 vol%) na oštećenja DNA u leukocitima periferne krvi te u stanicama jetre, bubrega i mozga miševa soja Swiss albino. Učinak se promatrao tehnikom alkalnog komet testa neposredno nakon te 2, 6 i 24 sata nakon izlaganja zračenju i anesteziji. Rezultati su pokazali da je najveći genotoksični učinak u leukocitima periferne krvi i stanicama bubrega bio 2 sata nakon tretmana, dok je na stanicama jetre i mozga najveća razina citotoksičnosti bila 24 sata nakon izlaganja navedenim agensima. Za procjenu razlika u količini popravka DNA među različitim stanicama, korišten je stanični indeks popravka koji je pokazao da najmanju osjetljivost na tretman genotoksičnim agensima imaju leukociti periferne krvi, a da su najosjetljivije stanice jetre.Despite of many advantages of various medical aplications (i.e. radiotherapy), radiation can be harmful and it's well known as carcinogen for living organisms. The main biomolecule of interest is DNA. Sevoflurane is nonflammable, inhalation anesthetic which provides fast and efficient hypnosis with low accumulation in tissue and minimal irritation of respiratory tract. However, metabolism of sevoflurane may have an important influence for its toxicity. This research studied individual and combined effect of ionizing radiation (2 Gy) and sevoflurane (2,4 %) on DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes as well as in liver, kidney and brain cells of Swiss albino mice. Effect has been observed by alkaline comet assay immediately after, and 2, 6 and 24 hours after exposure to radiation and anesthesia. Results have shown that the most significant genotoxic effect in peripheral blood leukocytes and kidney cells was 2 hours after treatment, whilst in liver and brain cells the cytotoxicity was at the highest level 24 hours after exposure to these agents. Cell repair indeks, used to assess the difference in the amount of DNA repair among various cell types, shown that the least sensitive to treatment with genotoxic agents were peripheral blood leukocytes, and the most sensitive were liver cells