Activating large ventral lateral neurons (l-LNvs) and small ventral lateral neurons (s-LNvs) increases male courtship activity.

<p>(A) Activation of <i>cry-GAL4-</i>expressing neurons increased the male courtship index, whereas <i>cry-GAL80</i> suppressed this behavioral phenotype. Each value represents the mean + SEM (n ≥13; ***<i>p</i> < 0.001; n.s., not statistically significant; <i>t</i>-tests). Genotypes: (1) <i>w/Y; cry-GAL4/+; +/+</i>, (2) <i>w/Y; +/+; +/UAS-TrpA1</i>, (3) <i>w/Y; cry-GAL4/+; +/UAS-TrpA1</i>, (4) <i>w/Y; cry-GAL4/+; cry-GAL80/UAS-TrpA1</i>. (B) Activation of <i>pdf-GAL4-</i>expressing neurons increased the male courtship index. Each value represents the mean + SEM (n ≥ 8; ***<i>p</i> < 0.001; n.s., not statistically significant; <i>t</i>-tests). Genotypes: (1) <i>w/Y; pdf-GAL4/+; +/+</i>, (2) <i>w/Y; +/+; +/UAS-TrpA1</i>, (3) <i>w/Y; pdf-GAL4/+; +/UAS-TrpA1</i>.