The streamline of the flow distribution color-coded with velocity magnitude.

<p>The pulsatile effect of the blood flow on the distribution of the recirculation. A, B, C and D illustrated 4 time points during one cardiac cycle. A: The recirculation disappeared at the low flow rate; B, C and D: The area of the recirculation zone varied along with the flow rate while the lengths of the recirculation zone were relatively consistence (5mm).