Downregulation of chemokines by LSEC in response to treatment with FFA.

<p>TSEC (A) and AML12 (B) were cultured with 0.33mM OA and/or 0.33mM PA for 16 hours. RNA was isolated from cells and levels of the indicated chemokine were determined by quantitative RT PCR. (C) TSEC were treated with 0.33mM of the indicated FFA for 16 hours and CCL2 expression was determined by quantitative RT PCR. (D) TSEC and AML12 were treated with 0.33mM OA and 0.33mM PA for 16 hours followed by 6 hour stimulation with 100ng/ml LPS. CCL2 gene expression (top) and protein production (bottom) were measured. (E) The human LSEC (TMNK) and hepatocyte (HepG2) cell lines were stimulated with FFA and LPS as in (D) and CCL2 gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR. Plots represent the mean +/- SE of three experiments. *p<0.05.