Efficiency-Enhanced Planar Perovskite Solar Cells via an Isopropanol/Ethanol Mixed Solvent Process

Solution processable perovskite solar cells traditionally employed isopropanol as the solvent of CH₃NH₃I in a two-step method. One of the largest issues of this technique is the uncontrollable morphology of the perovskite film. In this study, a homogeneous and dense PbI₂ film was prepared by introducing DMSO as an additive into DMF and then reacting the mixture with CH₃NH₃I dissolved in an isopropanol/ethanol solvent to fabricate high-quality perovskite films. Results revealed that ethanol played a crucial role on morphology and components of perovskite films. When the ratio of isopropanol to ethanol was optimized, a power conversion efficiency of 15.76% was achieved, which was on average ∼50% higher than that of PSCs without DMSO and ethanol processing