Electrical penetration graph recordings of insect feeding.

<p>To monitor insect feeding within a food source, the insect is tethered to a gold wire and attached to an electrode. For our purposes, we investigated feeding of the Asian citrus psyllid, a hemipteran vector of the pathogen causing citrus greening disease. A second electrode is placed in the moist soil at the base of the plant (citrus). As the insect feeds, the monitor records voltage changes across the insect-plant circuit. Different feeding states produce characteristic voltage patterns that can be interpreted by machine learning algorithms more efficiently than by humans.